LLM06 · OWASP LLM Top 10

Excessive Agency (LLM06)

An LLM-based agent has more permissions, more tool access, or more autonomy than its task requires. Compromise via prompt injection then uses that excessive privilege to do damage.

Rank
LLM06 of 10
In the check
Cited by 2 of the 16 questions
LLM01
Prompt Injection
LLM02
Sensitive Information Disclosure
LLM03
Supply Chain
LLM04
Data and Model Poisoning
LLM05
Improper Output Handling
LLM06
Excessive Agency
LLM07
System Prompt Leakage
LLM08
Vector and Embedding Weaknesses
LLM09
Misinformation
LLM10
Unbounded Consumption
Figure 1. The OWASP LLM Top 10, with LLM06 marked.
In practice

What it looks like in practice

Three shapes this risk takes in real deployments.

Example 1

A customer-service agent with write-access to the customer database when read-only would suffice.

Example 2

An agent that can send emails on behalf of the user with no confirmation step.

Example 3

An agent with broad API access that gets injected into making unauthorized calls.

Controls

Controls that close it

These count toward the Governance dimension of the check.

Principle of least privilege for agent tools and permissions

Human-in-the-loop confirmation for high-impact actions

Action logging and audit

Scope-limited tokens for tool access

Posture Check

Where the check cites it

The AI Posture Check cites OWASP LLM Top 10, including this entry, when placing you at Crawl, Walk, Run or Sprint.

Question the check may askDimensionCitation
Do you know which AI coding agents and assistants are running on staff machines, and what they can reach? Governance OWASP LLM06 Excessive Agency, NIST AI RMF MAP-1.1
Do you know which AI coding agents and assistants run on staff machines, what they can reach, and how MCP servers and Skills are vetted before install? Governance OWASP LLM06 Excessive Agency, NIST AI RMF MAP-1.1
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